What the Research Says about Sleep and Creating Your Schedule as A College Student

Teddy Chen, Emory University • January 2, 2025

          Emerging findings have suggested that short sleep duration can cause reduction in physical health such as “increased blood pressure” and mental health such as “increased risk of bipolar disorder” (Fischer et al., 2019). Undergraduate students, not only have shorter sleep
duration, also have highly variable sleep patterns. Fischer and his colleagues aimed to explore irregular sleep patterns’ effect on student wellbeing, relations between irregular sleep patterns and irregular first scheduled event (such as go to class), and combination effect of irregular sleep patterns and event schedule on student’s wellbeing (Fischer et al., 2019). 

          The researchers used a metric called Composite Phase Deviation (CPD) to measure the irregularity of sleep pattern and
event pattern. The data of this study was collected for “about 30 days by 223 full-time undergraduates between 2013 and 2016 at a midsize private university in Massachusetts, United States.

          Among the 223 undergraduates, 37% were females. All of them were aged between 18 to 27. Participants were asked to wear an actigraphy device to monitor their sleep patterns and first event schedule pattern for thirty days. Chronotype and CPD were calculated using midsleep times. Then, the participants were asked to report five scales of wellbeing every morning: “Sleep-Alert, Sad-Happy, Sluggish-Energetic, Sick-Healthy, and Stressed-Calm” (Fischer et al.,2019). The study used nonparametric tests including Spearman’s rank correlations to test “associations between wellbeing and sleep variables”, Mann-Whitney U tests to compare Male vs. Females in wellbeing, Kruskal-Wallis tests compare chronotype categories and clusters (Fischer et al., 2019). Regression analysis and cluster analysis are also performed in data
processing. 

          Results showed that “sleep and event schedules are very loosely coupled in these undergraduate college students”, representing that there is no significant association between sleep pattern and event schedule at average (Fischer et al., 2019). However, both irregulated
sleep pattern and irregulated first scheduled event “are associated with worse average well-being over a period of approximately 30 days” (Fischer et al., 2019).

This result is significant in undergraduate wellbeing research because it highlighted not only the effect of irregular sleep pattern but also irregular first scheduled event. It is useful to serve as a suggestion to undergraduate that they should arrange their first scheduled event at approximately same time every day. For example, this study can help students in making decision on course registration. This also encourages students to schedule constant morning events, such as eating breakfast and doing exercise for a better wellbeing. Also, the study signifies that there is no association between irregular sleep pattern and irregular first scheduled events. This warned students that they still need to pay attention on maintaining a regular sleep pattern even if they already have regular first scheduled events. By maintaining regular sleep pattern and first scheduled event pattern, undergraduates are more likely to be physical healthy, mentally healthy, and academically successful.


Author:

Teddy Chen, Emory University


Editor:

Elaine Johnson


Article Reviewed:

Dorothee Fischer, Andrew W McHill, Akane Sano, Rosalind W Picard, Laura K Barger, Charles A Czeisler, Elizabeth B Klerman, Andrew J K Phillips, Irregular sleep and event schedules are associated with poorer self-reported well-being in US college students, Sleep, Volume 43, Issue 6, June 2020, zsz300, https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsz300

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